About Water

Water is a tasteless and odourless substance essential for all life forms yet has been discovered. It is colourless in smal quantities. Water is found in many different shapes across the earth in a very large quantity. UN environment program estimates a 1400km cubes of water on earth.


Chemical and Pysical Properties
Chemical formula of water is H20. It means that a water molecule consists of two hydrogene and an oxygene atom. As an ion (OH-) which can be stated as HOH. Under standard temperature and pressure. There is a dynamic balance between water's gaseous phase and liquid phase. Pure water is odourless, tasteless and colourless. But when it starts to produce carbonic acid with carbondioxide in the air, its taste differentiates and forms a dangerous gas.


Colour
Water absorbes infrared beams powerfully. On electromagnetic spectrum, infrared beam takes a red colour, which a little part is visible due to absorbtion. For this reason large water quantities such as lakes or seas have a blue colour. This blue colour can be observed easily even under a clouded sky which shows the blue colour is not a reflection of the sky. Practically colour of water varies with additives and dirt. Limestone gives a colour of turquise where iron and like substances gives a red/brown colour. Copper also gives a blue flame colour to the water. Moss in water gives a green colour to it.


Solving Ability
Water is a very good solvent for lots of melting substances(Hydrophilic substances). Hydrophilic substances such as salt can be completely melt in water. Substances that dont melt in water are known as hydrophobic. A substance's ability to melt in water is related with its pulling force among water molecules. If a substances doesn't have the ability to dissolve in water, it's molecules are pushed out and dissolving can not happen.

Phases of Water
Water can be found in three phases on earth; gaseous(clouds), liquid(seas) and solid(snow). Water consistently cycles through this phases. This continious change of phases is referred as "water cycle"

Fundamentally, water flow has played an important role in the course of history. Rivers and seas have offered convenient  ways for commerce and transport. Erosion caused by the water flow shaper the planet and formed valleys and like which gave humanity convenient places to farm and reside.

At the same time water diffuses into the soil. These underground waters combine and come out to the surface again forming natural water sources, hot water sources and gaisers. Water from underground sources or also used as mineral waters.

Water can bear different material's odour and taste within. For this reason, humans' and animals' senses of smell and taste are particularly developed to recogize the clarity of water. Animals usually don't like the taste of sea water or swamp water. They prefer the water from mountains or underground. The taste of water we know as mineral water or natural source water is the taste of minerals in it. Pure water is completely tasteless. The purity of mineral or natural source water implies to the purity of water only from chemicals, toxics, dust, dirt or microbiotic organisms.

Effects of Water Over Human Body
Experts state that human body need 6-8 glasses of water dailly. Loss of water as percentage of body mass cause serious health problems listed below.

%1: Feeling of thirst, body heat changes, performance degredation
%2: Body heat increase, Stronger feeling of thirst
%3: Extreme irregularityin body temperature, extreme feeling of thirst
%4: %20-%30 loss of physical performance
%5: headache, fatigue
%6: exhaustion, trembling
%7: Fainting during physical activity
%10: Loss of consciousness
%11: Probable death